Perennial lichenis is a plant with beautiful flowers, which at the same time requires only negligible care. It is able to harmoniously fit into an existing garden or park design. To choose the most suitable option, it makes sense for the gardener to learn more about what this plant is.
Description of Lychnis perennial
This plant is part of the clove family. Perennial lichens are widespread in the wild. It has been used in gardening for several centuries. Due to its rich and vibrant color, it is also called the adonis.
Lychnis flower
Plant characteristics
Lychnis flower is a perennial plant, various species of which do not exceed 1 m in height. The stem is round, slightly pubescent. Leaves have a lanceolate elongated shape. The flowers are bisexual, approximately 2 cm in diameter. This plant is grown in one place for no longer than 5 years.
For your information! The fruit is a multi-root with kidney-shaped seeds. Seeds remain viable for 4-5 years.
What types of lychis exist: their description and characteristics
More than 30 varieties of lychnis are known. The most popular of them among gardeners are described in more detail below.
Lychnis Chalcedonica, or Dawn
In nature, it can be found on the European territory of Russia. Lychnis chalcedony is also common in the southern part of Siberia and Central Asia. The height of an adult bush is 80-100 cm. Leaf plates have an ovoid-lanceolate shape. In the inflorescences of the Chalcedony Lychnis (dawn), the corymbose-capitate form. They are composed of small flowers having a bright red color and petals that have two lobes. The diameter of the inflorescence reaches 10 cm.
Lychnis dawn has a high resistance to cold. The species has been known since 1561. It includes the well-known variety Maltese cross, which is characterized by lush flowering and rich red color.
Lychnis chalcedony
Vicarium Lychnis
It grows in the south of the Siberian Plain, in Central Europe, in the North Caucasus. The height of the cistern of viscari is 40-100 cm. The adhesive top part gave the plant another name - tar. The buds are raspberry or white. The whorls consist of 6-7 pieces.
Lychnis alpine
The habitat of these flowers is the tundra and forest-tundra zones of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as the North American continent. Alpine lichens can be found on the slopes of the Alps. The height of the bush is 15-20 cm. In the process of growth, leaf rosettes arise at the roots. The shoots are decorated with oppositely arranged leaves. In inflorescences a panicle-shaped form is presented. Lychnis red has raspberry or pink-red flowers.
For your information! This species is most famous for the variety Lara.
Lychnis alpine
Lychnis Arkwrightii
The height of the Arkwaite Larchis bush is 35-40 cm. The shoots and narrow leaves have a burgundy color. This bush gives a small number of inflorescences having an orange color. This species blooms from the last days of June to mid-August.
The most popular variety of this species is Lychnis Vesuvius. His leaves grow in the shape of a heart, and the number of inflorescences of red-orange color is larger and more magnificent in comparison with the main species.
Lychnis coronaria (Lychnis Coronaria, Lychnis Coriacea)
In silver lichen, the height of the bushes does not exceed 90 cm. Its inflorescences are racemose and loose. Most plants have pink flowers, but there are also those in which they are white. Planting and caring for crowned lichen in the open ground are not very difficult.
Campus Cuckoo (Coronaria Flos-Cuculi), or Cuckoo color (Lychnis Flos-Cuculi)
This species of larchis is common in most of the European continent. The height of the bush is 1 m. The leaves of the adonis are oppositely located. As they approach the crown, their length decreases. The petals of this species are pink. They are divided into four lobes, each of which hangs and twists a little.
Campion Cuckoo
Sparkling Lychnis (Lychnis Fulgens)
It grows in Japan, in the Siberian taiga and in the Far East. The height reaches 40-60 cm. The leaves have an oblong ovoid shape. Red flowers are 4-5 cm in diameter. Their petals are divided into four parts.
Lychnis Haageana
The height of the bushes ranges from 40 to 45 cm. In leaf blades, an oblong-ovate form. Inflorescences are racemose. Each of them consists of 3-7 buds with a diameter of 5 cm. Petals look incised. There is one tooth on each side. This species has high frost resistance.
Jupiter Lychnis (Lychnis Flos-Jovis, Coronaria Flos-Jovis)
This species grows on the slopes of the Alps. The height of Jupiter’s lichenis is 80 cm. Its shoots are branched and densely leafy. On the surface of shoots and leaf blades there is a slight pubescence. Pale purple flowers have a simple shape. There are also terry and white-flowered forms.
Jupiter Lychnis
The most popular varieties among gardeners
The following are the varieties that have gained the most popularity. They are actively used for garden and park design.
- Vesuvius. The flowers have a bright orange color. This variety has wide leaves that resemble a heart in shape. It blooms from June to August.
- Rosetta. Refers to the type of viscari. Lychnis Rosetta is a compact bush with double flowers of saturated raspberry color.
- Maltese cross. This variety belongs to the species Lychnis chalcedony. It got its name in honor of the shape of flowers, which in appearance resemble a Maltese cross. It is characterized by a saturated color and dense inflorescences.
- Tar. This variety belongs to the lichenis of viscari. Its name is due to the fact that the upper part of the plant is sticky. Has flowers of pink, white or raspberry color. Flowering lasts from May to July.
- Adonis. The bush can grow up to a meter in height. Thin carved flowers are pink. They are divided into four lobes.
- Nana. This is a miniature bush up to 15 cm high. It refers to the species of Cuckoos. Small pink flowers.
- Alba This variety belongs to the species of cuckoos. On its medium-sized bushes, flowers have a white color.
How perennial lichen breeds
For the propagation of perennial lichens, seeds and cuttings are used. Lychnis can be grown by directly planting seeds in open ground or by first growing seedlings.
Seeds
Seed cultivation
This bush can be propagated by directly planting seeds in the soil. If seedlings are used, flowering should begin in the same season when the planting was carried out.
For seedlings, seeds begin to be planted in March, and they need to be planted in open ground in May. For landing, plastic containers with soil are needed. Holes are made in the lower part through which excess moisture can flow.
To grow seedlings, you must first place the seeds on the stratification for 15-30 days in the refrigerator, wrapping with a damp cloth. Then they are placed in fertile loose soil and begin to germinate.
Note! The containers are covered with a film to provide a sufficient level of humidity. For germination, it is necessary to provide a temperature of 18-20 ° C and regular watering.
After 2-4 weeks, the root system will develop. At this time, it is necessary to pick, planting plants in separate containers. After 1-2 weeks, leaflets will appear. After that, the plant is ready for transplantation into the open ground.
Landscape design application
Cuttings
This method of propagation is usually used for terry varieties. Cuttings are prepared in June. Their length should be 20-25 cm. Before germination, they are placed in a root solution for 30 minutes.
Landing in the ground, they are covered with a film. Cuttings provide regular watering. In August-September, plants are planted in a permanent place.
Features of gardening
Perennial does not require much effort when growing. To get a magnificent flowering, you must follow the rules for the care of lexis.
He needs good sunlight. A slight shadow is allowed. The lack of lighting will lead to the fact that flowering can become weak, insignificant. To prolong flowering, it is recommended to remove faded buds.
Watering
It is necessary to irrigate larchis only during periods of hot, dry weather, but make sure that there is no excessive moisture in the soil.
Priming
A fertile, slightly acidic soil with loose soil is suitable for the plant.
Top dressing
For one vegetation period, it is necessary to feed the bush 2-3 times. In early spring, he is given a mixture that includes carbamide, potassium sulfate and superphosphate.
During flowering, fertilizers should consist of superphosphate, agricole-7, potassium sulfate. The prepared mixture is stirred in the proportion: 1 tbsp. spoon on a bucket of water.
Important! Autumn top dressing can be done with the same solution.
Bloom
When and how it blooms
Flowering time depends on the cultivation of the variety. Usually this period is one and a half months.
- Types of flowers. The shapes of the flowers can be different, given the variety and variety. Sometimes the petals are straight and rare, in others they are divided into two or four parts. There are also other types of them.
- Shapes of flowers. In most species of flower, they gather in umbrella-shield inflorescences. But there are those in which they grow in small groups or in separate flowers.
- Flowering period. It depends on the type of lychnis. In most varieties, flowers appear from June to August, and this time lasts for 1.5 months.
- Changes in care during flowering. At this time, produce the second of the feeding during the season. It should contain all the elements necessary for the growth of colors. Other changes in care do not occur.
Possible problems in growing
Subject to the necessary rules of care, Lychnis practically does not get sick, the flower is also not susceptible to attack by pests.
When poorly cared for, the plant is susceptible to attack by aphids, leafworms, and spider mites. To combat them, you need spraying with special drugs.
This plant is highly resistant to disease. Subject to the rules of care, it almost never gets sick.
Important! If excessive watering occurs, then due to increased humidity, root rot may occur or a fungal disease may occur.
If the plant does not have enough light, then this reduces the quality and abundance of flowering.
Use in landscape design
Lychnis looks spectacular when applying group plantings on a background of green grass. Sometimes they plant it on the banks of water bodies. Low-growing varieties look beautiful when designing alpine slides or borders for paths.
Alpine hill
Perennial Lychnis is able to decorate any garden or park. It looks spectacular when used for a variety of purposes. Having learned more about this flower, the gardener can competently choose for himself a suitable species and variety of this plant.
